Spotting a white patch on the skin can immediately raise concern. Many people assume it must be leucoderma (vitiligo), a condition where the skin loses pigment. However, not every white patch is leucoderma. Several other skin conditions can cause similar-looking spots, and each has different causes and treatments.
What Is Leucoderma (Vitiligo)?
Leucoderma, commonly known as vitiligo, occurs when the skin’s pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) are destroyed, leaving white, well-defined patches. It can appear anywhere on the body and may gradually spread.
Other Causes of White Patches
1. Pityriasis Alba: Common in children, these are faint white patches often linked to dry skin or eczema.
2. Fungal Infections (Tinea Versicolor): Caused by yeast on the skin, these patches may be white, brown, or pink and often worsen in humid weather.
3. Post-Inflammatory Hypopigmentation: After healing from injuries, burns, or eczema, the skin may temporarily lose pigment.
4. Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of vitamins or minerals like calcium, copper, or vitamin D may sometimes cause lighter skin spots.
5. Birthmarks or Genetic Conditions: Some children are born with white patches that remain stable over time.
Key Differences
• Leucoderma: Usually well-defined, spreads gradually, and doesn’t cause scaling.
• Fungal infections: May itch, show fine scaling, and respond to antifungal treatment.
• Pityriasis alba: Mild, irregular patches that improve with moisturizers.
When to See a Doctor
If a white patch is increasing in size, spreading, or not improving with simple care, it’s best to consult a dermatologist. Early diagnosis ensures proper treatment and peace of mind.
The Bottom Line
Not all white patches are leucoderma. They can be due to infections, dryness, or other harmless causes. Instead of assuming the worst, seek professional advice for accurate diagnosis and the right treatment.
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